Dr. Shumais U. is Assistant Professor of History at the PG and Research Department of History, Farook College (Autonomous), Kozhikode, Kerala, India. He completed his M.A from Malabar Christian College, Kozhikode. He has several publications in books and journals of national and international repute. His doctoral research was on "State as an Oppressive Instrument: The Jail Experiences of Political Prisoners in Colonial Malabar " (University of Calicut,2020). Areas of research interest include Modern Kerala History and Environmental History